Unambiguous evidence of old soil carbon in grass biosilica particles

Paul E Reyerson (1) , Anne Alexandre (2) , Araks Harutyunyan (1) , Rémi Corbineau (3) , Hector A Martinez de La Torre (1) , Franz Badeck (4) , Luigi Cattivelli (4) , Guaciara M Santos (1)

1 ESS - Department of Earth System Science [Irvine]
2 CEREGE - Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement
3 CReAAH - Centre de Recherche en Archéologie, Archéosciences, Histoire
4 Genomics Research Centre

Plant biosilica particles (phytoliths) contain small amounts of carbon called phytC. Based on the assumptions that phytC is of photosynthetic origin and a closed system, claims were recently made that phytoliths from several agriculturally important monocotyledonous species play a significant role in atmospheric CO 2 sequestration. However, anomalous phytC radiocarbon (14 C) dates suggested contributions from a non-photosynthetic source to phytC. Here we address this non-photosynthetic source hypothesis using comparative isotopic measurements (14 C and δ 13 C) of phytC, plant tissues, atmospheric CO 2 , and soil organic matter. State-of-the-art methods assured phytolith purity, while sequential stepwise-combustion revealed complex chemical-thermal decomposability properties of phytC. Although pho-tosynthesis is the main source of carbon in plant tissue, it was found that phytC is partially derived from soil carbon that can be several thousand years old. The fact that phytC is not uniquely constituted of photosynthetic C limits the usefulness of phytC either as a dating tool or as a significant sink of atmospheric CO 2. It additionally calls for further experiments to investigate how SOM-derived C is accessible to roots and accumulates in plant biosilica, for a better understanding of the mechanistic processes underlying the silicon biomineralization process in higher plants.

Domaines: Géochimie; Sciences de l'environnement; Botanique

Paul E Reyerson, Anne Alexandre, Araks Harutyunyan, Rémi Corbineau, Hector A Martinez de La Torre, et al.. Unambiguous evidence of old soil carbon in grass biosilica particles. Biogeosciences, 2016, 13 (4), pp.1269-1286. ⟨10.5194/bg-13-1269-2016⟩. ⟨hal-01909502⟩