HAIR: Halving the Area of the Integer Register File with Odd/Even Banking

Pierre Michaud (1) , Anis Peysieux (1)

1 PACAP - Pushing Architecture and Compilation for Application Performance

This paper proposes a new microarchitectural scheme for reducing the hardware complexity of the integer register file of a superscalar processor. The register file is split into two banks holding even-numbered and odd-numbered physical registers, respectively. Each bank provides one read port to each two-input integer execution unit. This way, each bank has half the total number of read ports, and the register file area is roughly halved, which reduces the energy dissipated per register access and the register access time. However, a bank conflict occurs when both inputs of a two-input micro-operation lie in the same bank. Bank conflicts hurt performance and we propose a simple solution to remove most bank conflicts, thus recovering most of the lost performance.

Mots clés: superscalar microarchitecture; integer register file; energy efficiency; read ports

Domaines: Architectures Matérielles [cs.AR]

Pierre Michaud, Anis Peysieux. HAIR: Halving the Area of the Integer Register File with Odd/Even Banking. ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization, 2022, 19 (4), pp.1-26. ⟨10.1145/3544838⟩. ⟨hal-03740496⟩