Electroreduction Bioactivity Alachlor Cyclam Surface modification Charge localization Magnetic properties Crystal Engineering Carbon surface modification Fluorescence Molybdenum Électronique organique Ligands Surface grafting Organic synthesis Electrochemistry Biodegradability Spirobifluorene Coupling process DFT calculations Crystal structure Ammonium Carbon Cluster compounds Nanoparticles Combined process Surface functionalization Electrodeposition Oxygen reduction Dithiolene Phosphorescence Chalcogen bonding Electrografting Aryldiazonium Liquid crystal Gold nanoparticles Magnetism Ferrocene Biological treatment Lead Electropolymerization Deposition Sensors Organic light-emitting diodes Diazonium S ligands Tetrathiafulvalene Charge-transfer salts Chirality Halogen bonding Indenofluorene Electrocatalysis Diazonium salts Ionic liquids Organic semiconductors Microbial fuel cell Carboxylation Combined processes Spiro compounds Charge transfer Silicon Cathodic scission Organic electronics Dehydroacetic acid Crystal engineering Dechlorination Activated sludge Carbon-halogen bonds Chalcogens Gold Liquid crystals Cyclic voltammetry Graphene X-ray diffraction Glassy carbon Lanthanides Photoelectrochemistry Modified electrodes Cycloaddition Functionalization Ambipolar charge transport Modified electrode Copper complexes Graphite felt Upconversion Self-assembly Synthèse organique Density functional calculations Semiconductors Conducting materials DFT Luminescence Carbon felt electrode Cleavage reactions Copper Surface chemistry Electroanalysis Sensor Nickel Crystal structures