Cyclic voltammetry Deposition Conducting materials Synthèse organique Organic semiconductors Carbon-halogen bonds X-ray diffraction Spirobifluorene Electropolymerization Surface modification Combined processes Sensor Modified electrode Modified electrodes Copper Functionalization Photoelectrochemistry Ligands Nickel Carbon surface modification Graphene Aryldiazonium Ammonium Organic light-emitting diodes Carboxylation Chalcogens Nanoparticles Microbial fuel cell Coupling process Halogen bonding Diazonium salts Crystal Engineering Graphite felt Crystal structures Surface chemistry Ferrocene Électronique organique Fluorescence Liquid crystal Crystal engineering Lead Bioactivity Combined process Cathodic scission Electrografting Cycloaddition Charge transfer Indenofluorene Cyclam Glassy carbon Luminescence Ionic liquids Liquid crystals Electrochemistry Spiro compounds Magnetism Dehydroacetic acid Organic electronics Self-assembly Charge-transfer salts Oxygen reduction Organic synthesis Diazonium Cleavage reactions DFT calculations Ambipolar charge transport Biological treatment Dechlorination Electroreduction Silicon Charge localization Copper complexes Lanthanides Alachlor Electrocatalysis Surface functionalization Chirality Crystal structure Sensors Biodegradability Dithiolene DFT Phosphorescence Upconversion Gold Tetrathiafulvalene Electroanalysis Electrodeposition Carbon felt electrode Activated sludge Surface grafting Chalcogen bonding Carbon Molybdenum Density functional calculations Cluster compounds Magnetic properties Gold nanoparticles S ligands Semiconductors