Dietary exposure of 18-month-old Guadeloupian toddlers to chlordecone
Résumé
Chlordecone is an organochlorine insecticide used in the French West Indies until 1993. Toddlers are expected to be differently exposed than older children and adults. The dietary exposure to chlordecone of 18-month-old Guadeloupian toddlers was assessed through different scenarios depending on whether the subjects live on a soil-contaminated place or not and on their supply habits. Food contamination data came from the RESO study performed in 2005-2006. Consumption data derived from a dietary survey conducted in 2005-2008. Results were compared to those of other age groups. Chronic dietary exposures to chlordecone were estimated in a range of 0.018-0.051 μg/kg bw/day (P95: 0.044-0.096) for toddlers living in a non contaminated area and between 0.045-0.078 μg/kg bw/day (P95: 0.110-0.144) for toddlers living in a contaminated area. The probability of exceeding the chronic health-based value of 0.5 μg/kg bw/day was null. These results suggest that 18-month-old toddlers are less exposed than groups aged over 3 years old. This can be explained by their consumption pattern mostly based on milk and fruits, which are not highly contaminated by chlordecone. The acute health-based value of 10 μg/kg bw/day could be exceeded when consuming of highly contaminated taros, showing the importance of regulatory maximum limit.