Hormonothérapie et risque cardiaque dans le traitement des cancers prostatiques. [Androgen deprivation and cardiovascular risk in prostate cancer treatment.]
Résumé
Androgen suppression clearly increases the occurrence of cardiovascular risk factors : increased body fat, dyslipidemia and type II diabetes. Thus, several studies (but not all), showed an increase in coronary artery disease but also of sudden death and ventricular arrhythmias in relation to androgen deprivation, even for a short duration. This risk is particularly important in patients with existing cardiovascular risk factors or a history of heart disease. Cardiovascular risk should be balanced with the benefit of androgen deprivation on overall survival, especially when it is proposed in adjuvant setting, combined with radiotherapy in locally advanced prostate tumors. In practice, it is recommended that patients be referred to their physician for an evaluation before starting treatment, then 3 to 6 months after starting treatment, then once a year. The initial assessment should include: a clinical examination (with measurement of blood pressure and body index) and laboratory test with full lipid profile (total cholesterol, HDL and LDL cholesterol, triglycerides) and glucose. It is also important that patients with heart disease, receive lifestyle advice and low- dose aspirin (80 mg/day).