K. Arrow, Economic Welfare and the Allocation of Resources for Invention The Rate and Direction of Inventive Activity: Economic and Social Factors, NBER Conference, 1962.

A. Avenali, G. Matteucci, and P. Reverberi, Dynamic access pricing and investment in alternative infrastructures, International Journal of Industrial Organization, vol.28, issue.2, pp.167-175, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijindorg.2009.07.011

M. Bourreau and P. Do¼-gan, Unbundling the local loop, European Economic Review, vol.49, issue.1, pp.173-199, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/S0014-2921(03)00020-5

M. Bourreau and P. Do¼-gan, ???Build-or-Buy??? Strategies in the Local Loop, American Economic Review, vol.96, issue.2, pp.72-76, 2006.
DOI : 10.1257/000282806777212242

M. Bourreau, P. Do¼-gan, and M. Manant, A critical review of the ???ladder of investment??? approach, Telecommunications Policy, vol.34, issue.11, pp.683-696, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.telpol.2010.09.002

M. Bourreau and J. Drouard, Stepping Stone or Stonewall? Progressive Entry and the Incentives to Invest in Alternative Infrastructures, SSRN Electronic Journal, 2010.
DOI : 10.2139/ssrn.1662402

C. Cambini and Y. Jiang, Broadband investment and regulation: A literature review, Telecommunications Policy, vol.33, issue.10-11, pp.10-11, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.telpol.2009.08.007

M. Cave, Encouraging infrastructure competition via the ladder of investment, Telecommunications Policy, vol.30, issue.3-4, pp.223-237, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.telpol.2005.09.001

R. W. Crandall and J. G. Sidak, Is Mandatory Unbundling the Key to Increasing Broadband Penetration in Mexico? A Survey of International Evidence. Mimeo, 2007.

W. Distaso, P. Lupi, and G. M. Manenti, Static and Dynamic E¢ciency in the European Telecommunications Market: The Incentives to Invest and the Ladder of Investment, Handbook of Research on Telecommunications Planning and Management, p.pp, 2009.

. Eu, Commission recommendation of on regulated access to next generation access networks (NGA) Retrieved from <http, 2010.

Ø. Foros, Strategic investments with spillovers, vertical integration and foreclosure in the broadband access market, International Journal of Industrial Organization, vol.22, issue.1, pp.1-24, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/S0167-7187(03)00079-1

N. Gallini, Deterrence by Market Sharing: A Strategic Incentive for Licensing, American Economic Review, vol.74, issue.5, pp.931-941, 1984.

J. Gans, Regulating Private Infrastructure Investment: Optimal Pricing for Access to Essential Facilities, SSRN Electronic Journal, vol.20, issue.2, pp.167-189, 2001.
DOI : 10.2139/ssrn.107553

J. Gans, Access Pricing and Infrastructure Investment, Access Pricing: Theory and Practice, 2007.

G. Guthrie, Regulating Infrastructure: The Impact on Risk and Investment, Journal of Economic Literature, vol.44, issue.4, pp.925-972, 2006.
DOI : 10.1257/jel.44.4.925

J. A. Hausman and J. G. Sidak, Did mandatory unbundling achieve its purpose? Empirical evidence from five countries, Journal of Competition Law and Economics, vol.1, issue.1, pp.173-245, 2005.
DOI : 10.1093/joclec/nhi005
URL : http://jcle.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/1/1/173

T. Hazlett and C. Bazelon, Regulated Unbundling of Telecommunications Networks: A Stepping Stone to Facilities-Based Competition? Available at: http://mason.gmu, 2005.

K. Hori and K. Mizuno, Access pricing and investment with stochastically growing demand, International Journal of Industrial Organization, vol.24, issue.4, pp.795-808, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijindorg.2005.09.010

R. Nitsche and L. Wiethaus, Access regulation and investment in next generation networks ??? A ranking of regulatory regimes, International Journal of Industrial Organization, vol.29, issue.2, pp.263-272, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijindorg.2010.07.002

N. Schutz and T. Trégouët, The Ladder of Investment in Telecoms: Stairway to Heaven or Highway to Hell?, 2008.

T. Valletti, The theory of access pricing and its linkage with investment incentives, Telecommunications Policy, vol.27, issue.10-11, pp.659-675, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/j.telpol.2003.08.002

J. Vareda, Access regulation under asymmetric information about the entrant???s efficiency, Information Economics and Policy, vol.22, issue.2, pp.192-199, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.infoecopol.2009.10.004

J. Vareda and S. Hoernig, Racing for Investment under Mandatory Access, The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy, vol.10, issue.1, 2010.
DOI : 10.2202/1935-1682.2553