P. Sansonetti, War and peace at mucosal surfaces, Nature Reviews Immunology, vol.67, issue.12, pp.953-64, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.it.2003.10.007

J. Walter and R. Ley, The Human Gut Microbiome: Ecology and Recent Evolutionary Changes, Annual Review of Microbiology, vol.65, issue.1
DOI : 10.1146/annurev-micro-090110-102830

N. Kamada, S. Seo, G. Chen, and G. Nunez, Role of the gut microbiota in immunity and inflammatory disease, Nature Reviews Immunology, vol.109, issue.5, pp.321-356, 2013.
DOI : 10.1038/nri3430

K. Maloy and F. Powrie, Intestinal homeostasis and its breakdown in inflammatory bowel disease, Nature, vol.8, issue.7351, pp.298-306, 2011.
DOI : 10.1038/nature10208

L. Peterson and D. Artis, Intestinal epithelial cells: regulators of barrier function and immune homeostasis, Nature Reviews Immunology, vol.136, issue.3, pp.141-53, 2014.
DOI : 10.1038/nri3608

Y. Goto and I. Ivanov, Intestinal epithelial cells as mediators of the commensal???host immune crosstalk, Immunology and Cell Biology, vol.455, issue.3, pp.204-218, 2013.
DOI : 10.1038/icb.2012.80

I. Iliev, E. Mileti, G. Matteoli, M. Chieppa, and M. Rescigno, Intestinal epithelial cells promote colitis-protective regulatory T-cell differentiation through dendritic cell conditioning, Mucosal Immunology, vol.172, issue.4
DOI : 10.1038/mi.2009.13

I. Iliev, I. Spadoni, E. Mileti, G. Matteoli, A. Sonzogni et al., Human intestinal epithelial cells promote the differentiation of tolerogenic dendritic cells, Gut, vol.58, issue.11, pp.1481-1490, 2009.
DOI : 10.1136/gut.2008.175166

M. Vacchio, V. Papadopoulos, and J. Ashwell, Steroid production in the thymus: implications for thymocyte selection, Journal of Experimental Medicine, vol.179, issue.6, pp.1835-1881, 1994.
DOI : 10.1084/jem.179.6.1835

A. Pazirandeh, Y. Xue, I. Rafter, J. Sjovall, M. Jondal et al., Paracrine glucocorticoid activity produced by mouse thymic epithelial cells, Faseb J, vol.13, pp.893-901, 1999.

O. Lechner, G. Wiegers, A. Oliveira-dos-santos, H. Dietrich, H. Recheis et al., Glucocorticoid production in the murine thymus, European Journal of Immunology, vol.30, issue.2, pp.337-383, 2000.
DOI : 10.1002/1521-4141(200002)30:2<337::AID-IMMU337>3.0.CO;2-L

D. Thiboutot, S. Jabara, J. Mcallister, A. Sivarajah, K. Gilliland et al., Human Skin is a Steroidogenic Tissue: Steroidogenic Enzymes and Cofactors Are Expressed in Epidermis, Normal Sebocytes, and an Immortalized Sebocyte Cell Line (SEB-1), Journal of Investigative Dermatology, vol.120, issue.6, pp.905-919, 2003.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1523-1747.2003.12244.x

C. Gomez-sanchez, M. Zhou, E. Cozza, H. Morita, F. Eddleman et al., Corticosteroid synthesis in the central nervous system, Endocrine Research, vol.33, issue.4, pp.463-70, 1996.
DOI : 10.1080/07435809609043732

A. Croft, O. Callaghan, M. Shaw, S. Connolly, G. Jacquot et al., Effects of minor laboratory procedures, adrenalectomy, social defeat or acute alcohol on regional brain concentrations of corticosterone, Brain Research, vol.1238, pp.12-22, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.brainres.2008.08.009

H. Little, A. Croft, O. Callaghan, M. Brooks, S. Wang et al., Selective increases in regional brain glucocorticoid: A novel effect of chronic alcohol, Neuroscience, vol.156, issue.4, pp.1017-1044, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2008.08.029

I. Cima, N. Corazza, B. Dick, A. Fuhrer, S. Herren et al., Intestinal Epithelial Cells Synthesize Glucocorticoids and Regulate T Cell Activation, The Journal of Experimental Medicine, vol.97, issue.12, pp.1635-1681, 2004.
DOI : 10.1093/intimm/3.6.563

D. Sidler, P. Renzulli, C. Schnoz, B. Berger, S. Schneider-jakob et al., Colon cancer cells produce immunoregulatory glucocorticoids, Oncogene, vol.13, issue.21, pp.2411-2420, 2011.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1600-065X.2006.00437.x

G. Bouguen, A. Langlois, M. Djouina, J. Branche, D. Koriche et al., Intestinal steroidogenesis controls PPARgamma expression in the colon and is impaired during UC

D. Valle, L. Belvedere, P. Simontacchi, C. Colombo, and L. , Extraglandular hormonal steroidogenesis in aged rats, The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, vol.43, issue.8, pp.1095-1103, 1992.
DOI : 10.1016/0960-0760(92)90337-I

S. Vianello, M. Waterman, D. Valle, L. Colombo, and L. , Developmentally regulated expression and activity of 17alpha-hydroxylase/C-17,20-lyase cytochrome P450 in rat liver, Endocrinology, vol.138, pp.3166-74, 1997.

D. Keeney, Y. Ikeda, M. Waterman, and K. Parker, Cholesterol side-chain cleavage cytochrome P450 gene expression in the primitive gut of the mouse embryo does not require steroidogenic factor 1., Molecular Endocrinology, vol.9, issue.8, pp.1091-1099, 1995.
DOI : 10.1210/mend.9.8.7476982

J. Pacha and I. Miksik, Distribution of 11??-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase along the rat intestine, Life Sciences, vol.54, issue.11, pp.745-754, 1994.
DOI : 10.1016/0024-3205(94)90164-3

C. Whorwood, M. Ricketts, and P. Stewart, Epithelial cell localization of type 2 11 betahydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in rat and human colon, Endocrinology, vol.135, pp.2533-2574, 1994.

P. Belvedere, D. Valle, L. Vianello, S. Carnevali, O. Colombo et al., Hormonal steroidogenesis in liver and small intestine of the green frog, Rana esculenta L., Life Sciences, vol.69, issue.24, pp.2921-2951, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0024-3205(01)01377-7

Y. Wang and W. Ge, Cloning of zebrafish ovarian P450c17 (CYP17, 17alpha-hydroxylase 20-lyase) and characterization of its expression in gonadal and extra-gonadal tissues, Gen Comp Endocrinol, vol.17135, pp.241-250, 2004.

A. Coste, L. Dubuquoy, R. Barnouin, J. Annicotte, B. Magnier et al., LRH-1-mediated glucocorticoid synthesis in enterocytes protects against inflammatory bowel disease, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.104, issue.32
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.0702440104

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00189378

O. Dominguez and L. Samuels, Mechanism of Inhibition of Adrenal Steroid 11??-Hydroxylase by Methopyrapone (Metopirone), Endocrinology, vol.73, issue.3, pp.304-313, 1963.
DOI : 10.1210/endo-73-3-304

R. Sampath-kumar, M. Yu, M. Khalil, and K. Yang, Metyrapone is a competitive inhibitor of 11??-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 reductase, The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, vol.62, issue.2-3, pp.195-204, 1997.
DOI : 10.1016/S0960-0760(97)00027-7

A. Atanasov, D. Leiser, C. Roesselet, M. Noti, N. Corazza et al., Cell cycle-dependent regulation of extra-adrenal glucocorticoid synthesis in murine intestinal epithelial cells, The FASEB Journal, vol.22, issue.12, pp.4117-4142, 2008.
DOI : 10.1096/fj.08-114157

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00350850

A. Papadimitriou and K. Priftis, Regulation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis, Neuroimmunomodulation, vol.16, issue.5
DOI : 10.1159/000216184

M. Sewer and M. Waterman, Insights into the transcriptional regulation of steroidogenic enzymes and StAR, Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, vol.2, issue.3, pp.269-74, 2001.
DOI : 10.1023/A:1011516532335

B. Schimmer and P. White, Minireview: Steroidogenic Factor 1: Its Roles in Differentiation, Development, and Disease, Molecular Endocrinology, vol.24, issue.7, pp.1322-1359, 2010.
DOI : 10.1210/me.2009-0519

X. Luo, Y. Ikeda, and K. Parker, A cell-specific nuclear receptor is essential for adrenal and gonadal development and sexual differentiation, Cell, vol.77, issue.4, pp.481-90, 1994.
DOI : 10.1016/0092-8674(94)90211-9

K. Parker and B. Schimmer, Steroidogenic Factor 1: A Key Determinant of Endocrine Development and Function, Endocrine Reviews, vol.18, issue.3, pp.361-77, 1997.
DOI : 10.1210/edrv.18.3.0301

M. Ramayya, J. Zhou, T. Kino, J. Segars, C. Bondy et al., Hybridization Studies, The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, vol.82, issue.6, pp.1799-806, 1997.
DOI : 10.1210/jcem.82.6.3967

M. Mueller, A. Atanasov, I. Cima, N. Corazza, K. Schoonjans et al., Adrenocortical Cell Lines, Endocrinology, vol.148, issue.3, pp.1445-53, 2007.
DOI : 10.1210/en.2006-0591

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00190950

O. Botrugno, E. Fayard, J. Annicotte, C. Haby, T. Brennan et al., Synergy between LRH-1 and ??-Catenin Induces G1 Cyclin-Mediated Cell Proliferation, Molecular Cell, vol.15, issue.4, pp.499-509, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.molcel.2004.07.009

M. Mueller, I. Cima, M. Noti, A. Fuhrer, S. Jakob et al., The nuclear receptor LRH-1 critically regulates extra-adrenal glucocorticoid synthesis in the intestine, The Journal of Experimental Medicine, vol.79, issue.9, pp.2057-62, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/S1097-2765(00)80054-4

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00188047

M. Noti, N. Corazza, G. Tuffin, K. Schoonjans, and T. Brunner, Lipopolysaccharide induces intestinal glucocorticoid synthesis in a TNF??-dependent manner, The FASEB Journal, vol.24, issue.5, pp.1340-1346, 2010.
DOI : 10.1096/fj.09-140913

Y. Lee, Y. Choi, S. Chua, Y. Park, and D. Moore, Phosphorylation of the Hinge Domain of the Nuclear Hormone Receptor LRH-1 Stimulates Transactivation, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.281, issue.12, pp.7850-7855, 2006.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M509115200

M. Noti, N. Corazza, C. Mueller, B. Berger, and T. Brunner, TNF suppresses acute intestinal inflammation by inducing local glucocorticoid synthesis, The Journal of Experimental Medicine, vol.156, issue.2 Suppl. 6, pp.1057-66, 2010.
DOI : 10.1038/377348a0

S. Huang, C. Lee, and B. Chung, Tumor Necrosis Factor Suppresses NR5A2 Activity and Intestinal Glucocorticoid Synthesis to Sustain Chronic Colitis, Science Signaling, vol.7, issue.314, p.20, 2014.
DOI : 10.1126/scisignal.2004786

L. Drozdowski and A. Thomson, Intestinal hormones and growth factors: Effects on the small intestine, World Journal of Gastroenterology, vol.15, issue.4, pp.385-406, 2009.
DOI : 10.3748/wjg.15.385

T. Miyata, Y. Minai, and M. Haga, Impaired Growth of Small Intestinal Epithelium by Adrenalectomy in Weaning Rats, ACTA HISTOCHEMICA ET CYTOCHEMICA, vol.41, issue.4, pp.83-91, 2008.
DOI : 10.1267/ahc.08004

K. Yeh, M. Yeh, and P. Holt, Thyroxine and cortisone cooperate to modulate postnatal intestinal enzyme differentiation in the rat, Am J Physiol, vol.260, pp.371-379, 1991.

C. Schaeffer, M. Diab-assef, M. Plateroti, F. Laurent-huck, J. Reimund et al., Cytokine gene expression during postnatal small intestinal development: regulation by glucocorticoids, Gut, vol.47, issue.2, pp.192-200, 2000.
DOI : 10.1136/gut.47.2.192

M. C. Biol-n-'garagba, E. Niepceron, B. Mathian, and P. Louisot, Glucocorticoid-induced maturation of glycoprotein galactosylation and fucosylation processes in the rat small intestine, The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, vol.84, issue.4, pp.411-433, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0960-0760(03)00062-1

N. Nanthakumar, C. Klopcic, I. Fernandez, and W. Walker, Normal and glucocorticoid-induced development of the human small intestinal xenograft, American Journal of Physiology - Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, vol.285, issue.1, pp.162-70, 2003.
DOI : 10.1152/ajpregu.00721.2001

N. Nanthakumar, C. Young, J. Ko, D. Meng, J. Chen et al., Glucocorticoid responsiveness in developing human intestine: possible role in prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis, AJP: Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology, vol.288, issue.1, pp.85-92, 2005.
DOI : 10.1152/ajpgi.00169.2004

M. Boivin, D. Ye, J. Kennedy, R. Sadi, C. Shepela et al., Mechanism of glucocorticoid regulation of the intestinal tight junction barrier, AJP: Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology, vol.292, issue.2, pp.590-598, 2007.
DOI : 10.1152/ajpgi.00252.2006

L. Lu, T. Li, G. Williams, E. Petit, M. Borowsky et al., Hydrocortisone induces changes in gene expression and differentiation in immature human enterocytes, AJP: Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology, vol.300, issue.3, pp.425-457, 2011.
DOI : 10.1152/ajpgi.00011.2010

T. Rhen and J. Cidlowski, Antiinflammatory Action of Glucocorticoids ??? New Mechanisms for Old Drugs, New England Journal of Medicine, vol.353, issue.16, pp.1711-1734, 2005.
DOI : 10.1056/NEJMra050541

D. Bosscher, K. Haegeman, and G. , Minireview: Latest Perspectives on Antiinflammatory Actions of Glucocorticoids, Molecular Endocrinology, vol.23, issue.3, pp.281-91, 2009.
DOI : 10.1210/me.2008-0283

Y. Jia, D. J. Takeda, K. Han, J. Wang, M. Armstrong et al., Steroidogenic enzyme Cyp11a1 regulates Type 2 CD8+ T cell skewing in allergic lung disease, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.110, issue.20, pp.8152-8159, 2013.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.1216671110

L. Zeuthen, L. Fink, and H. Frokiaer, Epithelial cells prime the immune response to an array of gut-derived commensals towards a tolerogenic phenotype through distinct actions of thymic stromal lymphopoietin and transforming growth factor-beta, Immunology, vol.123, pp.197-208, 2008.

C. Stahn, M. Lowenberg, D. Hommes, and F. Buttgereit, Molecular mechanisms of glucocorticoid action and selective glucocorticoid receptor agonists, Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, vol.275, issue.1-2, pp.71-79, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.mce.2007.05.019

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00531935

L. Fajas, D. Auboeuf, E. Raspe, K. Schoonjans, A. Lefebvre et al., The Organization, Promoter Analysis, and Expression of the Human PPAR?? Gene, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.272, issue.30, pp.18779-89, 1997.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.272.30.18779

M. Ricote, A. Li, T. Willson, C. Kelly, and C. Glass, The peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor-gamma is a negative regulator of macrophage activation, Nature, vol.391, issue.6662, pp.79-82, 1998.
DOI : 10.1038/34178

C. Jiang, A. Ting, and B. Seed, PPAR-gamma agonists inhibit production of monocyte inflammatory cytokines, Nature, vol.391, pp.82-88, 1998.

P. Tontonoz and B. Spiegelman, Fat and Beyond: The Diverse Biology of PPAR??, Annual Review of Biochemistry, vol.77, issue.1
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.biochem.77.061307.091829

C. Glass and K. Saijo, Nuclear receptor transrepression pathways that regulate inflammation in macrophages and T cells, Nature Reviews Immunology, vol.37, issue.5, pp.365-76, 2010.
DOI : 10.1038/nri2748

D. Ron and P. Walter, Signal integration in the endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response, Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, vol.300, issue.7, pp.519-548, 2007.
DOI : 10.1038/nrm2199

D. Todd, A. Lee, and L. Glimcher, The endoplasmic reticulum stress response in immunity and autoimmunity, Nature Reviews Immunology, vol.110, issue.9, pp.663-74, 2008.
DOI : 10.1038/nri2359

A. Kaser, A. Lee, A. Franke, J. Glickman, S. Zeissig et al., XBP1 Links ER Stress to Intestinal Inflammation and Confers Genetic Risk for Human Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Cell, vol.134, issue.5
DOI : 10.1016/j.cell.2008.07.021

A. Kaser and R. Blumberg, Endoplasmic reticulum stress in the intestinal epithelium and inflammatory bowel disease, Seminars in Immunology, vol.21, issue.3, pp.156-63, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.smim.2009.01.001

I. Das, C. Png, I. Oancea, S. Hasnain, L. R. Proctor et al., Glucocorticoids alleviate intestinal ER stress by enhancing protein folding and degradation of misfolded proteins, The Journal of Experimental Medicine, vol.268, issue.6, pp.1201-1217, 2013.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M505818200

G. Fiorelli, L. Picariello, V. Martineti, F. Tonelli, and M. Brandi, Estrogen synthesis in human colon cancer epithelial cells, The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, vol.71, issue.5-6, pp.223-253, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0960-0760(99)00144-2

G. Fiorelli, L. Picariello, V. Martineti, I. Tognarini, F. Tonelli et al., Estrogen metabolism in human colorectal cancer cells, The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, vol.81, issue.3, pp.281-290, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0960-0760(02)00075-4

M. English, P. Stewart, and M. Hewison, Estrogen metabolism and malignancy: analysis of the expression and function of 17??-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases in colonic cancer, Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, vol.171, issue.1-2, pp.53-60, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0303-7207(00)00418-4

R. Sato, T. Suzuki, Y. Katayose, K. Miura, K. Shiiba et al., Aromatase in colon carcinoma, Anticancer Res, vol.32, pp.3069-75, 2012.

R. Sato, T. Suzuki, Y. Katayose, K. Miura, K. Shiiba et al., Steroid Sulfatase and Estrogen Sulfotransferase in Colon Carcinoma: Regulators of Intratumoral Estrogen Concentrations and Potent Prognostic Factors, Cancer Research, vol.69, issue.3, pp.914-936, 2009.
DOI : 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-08-0906

O. Oduwole, M. Makinen, V. Isomaa, A. Pulkka, P. Jernvall et al., 17??-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2: independent prognostic significance and evidence of estrogen protection in female patients with colon cancer, The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, vol.87, issue.2-3, pp.133-173, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2003.08.008

O. Oduwole, V. Isomaa, P. Nokelainen, F. Stenback, and P. Vihko, Downregulation of estrogen-metabolizing 17??-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase Type 2 expression correlates inversely with Ki67 proliferation marker in colon-cancer development, International Journal of Cancer, vol.87, issue.1, pp.1-6, 2002.
DOI : 10.1002/ijc.1567

S. Narayan, G. Rajakumar, H. Prouix, and P. Singh, Estradiol is trophic for colon cancer in mice: Effect on ornithine decarboxylase and c-myc messenger RNA, Gastroenterology, vol.103, issue.6, pp.1823-1855, 1992.
DOI : 10.1016/0016-5085(92)91441-6

M. Hoff, W. Chang, and K. Mak, Effect of estrogen on cell proliferation in colonic mucosa of the mouse, Virchows Archiv B Cell Pathology Including Molecular Pathology, vol.29, issue.1, pp.263-73, 1981.
DOI : 10.1007/BF02889166

M. Campbell-thompson, I. Lynch, and B. Bhardwaj, Expression of estrogen receptor (ER) subtypes and ERbeta isoforms in colon cancer, Cancer Res, vol.61, pp.632-672, 2001.

P. Konstantinopoulos, A. Kominea, G. Vandoros, G. Sykiotis, P. Andricopoulos et al., Oestrogen receptor beta (ER??) is abundantly expressed in normal colonic mucosa, but declines in colon adenocarcinoma paralleling the tumour's dedifferentiation, European Journal of Cancer, vol.39, issue.9, pp.1251-1259, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0959-8049(03)00239-9

O. Wada-hiraike, O. Imamov, H. Hiraike, K. Hultenby, T. Schwend et al., Role of estrogen receptor beta in colonic epithelium, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.103, issue.8, pp.2959-64, 2006.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.0511271103

D. Baumgart and S. Carding, Inflammatory bowel disease: cause and immunobiology, The Lancet, vol.369, issue.9573
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60750-8

D. Baumgart and W. Sandborn, Inflammatory bowel disease: clinical aspects and established and evolving therapies, The Lancet, vol.369, issue.9573, pp.1641-57, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60751-X

D. Baumgart and W. Sandborn, Crohn's disease, The Lancet, vol.380, issue.9853, pp.1590-605, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60026-9

S. Danese and C. Fiocchi, Ulcerative Colitis, New England Journal of Medicine, vol.365, issue.18, pp.1713-1738, 2011.
DOI : 10.1056/NEJMra1102942

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01303796

C. Anderson, G. Boucher, C. Lees, A. Franke, D. Amato et al., Meta-analysis identifies 29 additional ulcerative colitis risk loci, increasing the number of confirmed associations to 47, Nature Genetics, vol.38, issue.3, pp.246-52, 2011.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1365-2036.2001.00981.x

H. Khalili, L. Higuchi, A. Ananthakrishnan, J. Richter, D. Feskanich et al., Oral contraceptives, reproductive factors and risk of inflammatory bowel disease, Gut, vol.57, issue.Suppl 3, pp.1153-1162, 2013.
DOI : 10.1136/gutjnl-2012-302362

P. Foster, Oestrogen and colorectal cancer: mechanisms and controversies, International Journal of Colorectal Disease, vol.227, issue.6, pp.737-786, 2013.
DOI : 10.1007/s00384-012-1628-y

H. Wilkins, K. Doucet, V. Duke, A. Morra, and N. Johnson, Estrogen prevents sustained COLO-205 human colon cancer cell growth by inducing apoptosis, decreasing c-myb protein, and decreasing transcription of the anti-apoptotic protein bcl-2, Tumor Biology, vol.276, issue.1, pp.16-22, 2010.
DOI : 10.1007/s13277-009-0003-2

S. Han and J. Roman, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma: a novel target for cancer therapeutics? Anticancer Drugs, pp.237-281, 2007.

J. Feilchenfeldt, M. Brundler, C. Soravia, M. Totsch, and C. Meier, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) and associated transcription factors in colon cancer: reduced expression of PPAR??-coactivator 1 (PGC-1), Cancer Letters, vol.203, issue.1, pp.25-33, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.canlet.2003.08.024

A. Mukherji, A. Kobiita, T. Ye, and P. Chambon, Homeostasis in Intestinal Epithelium Is Orchestrated by the Circadian Clock and Microbiota Cues Transduced by TLRs, Cell, vol.153, issue.4, pp.812-839, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cell.2013.04.020