Different habitats within a region contain evolutionary heritage from different epochs depending on the abiotic environment

Igor V. Bartish (1) , Wim A. Ozinga (2) , Mark I. Bartish (3) , G. W. Wieger Wamelink (2) , Stephan M. Hennekens (2) , Andreas Prinzing (2, 4)

1 CAS - Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague]
2 WUR - Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen]
3 Elias Lonnrots
4 ECOBIO - Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes]

Aim Biodiversity hot-spots are regions containing evolutionary heritage from ancient or recent geological epochs, i.e. evolutionary ‘museums’ or ‘cradles’, respectively. We hypothesize that: (1) there are also ‘museums’ and ‘cradles’ within regions – some species pools of particular habitat types contain angiosperm (flowering plants) lineages from ancient geological epochs, others from recent epochs; (2) habitat-specific abiotic factors control the number of angiosperm lineages from a given epoch contained in a given habitat species pool. Location The flora of the Netherlands. Methods We studied the world's largest vegetation-plot database and a new, uniquely resolved dated angiosperm phylogeny available for the Netherlands. We characterized species pools of habitat types by a novel concept: epoch-specific lineage diversities. Results We found that species pools of most habitat types were characterized by over- or underrepresentation of lineages from at least one epoch, dating back to the origin of angiosperms. These patterns are not captured by mean lineage ages. Abiotic environments explained on average 56% and up to 75% of the variance in the number of lineages per epoch, but with opposing effects of the same factor for different epochs. Specifically, warm and dry habitats tend to contain lineages dating back to warm and dry epochs. Identifying lineages from sets of random time intervals rather than from a set of geological epochs significantly reduced relationships with the environment. Main conclusions Within a region, habitat types differ significantly in the evolutionary heritage they contain from different geological epochs, and these differences are controlled by the environment

Mots clés: epoch-specific net diversification; palaeoecology; macroevolutionary ecology; museums and cradles of diversity; Dated phylogeny

Domaines: Sciences du Vivant [q-bio]

Igor V. Bartish, Wim A. Ozinga, Mark I. Bartish, G. W. Wieger Wamelink, Stephan M. Hennekens, et al.. Different habitats within a region contain evolutionary heritage from different epochs depending on the abiotic environment. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 2016, 25 (3), pp.274-285. ⟨10.1111/geb.12408⟩. ⟨hal-01243037⟩