The ENCOURAGE mortality risk score and analysis of long-term outcomes after VA-ECMO for acute myocardial infarction with cardiogenic shock
Résumé
PURPOSE: This study was designed to identify factors associated with in-intensive care unit (ICU) death and develop a practical mortality risk score for venoarterial-extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO)-treated acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients. Long-term survivors' health-related quality of life (HRQOL), anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) frequencies were also assessed. METHODS: Data from 138 ECMO-treated AMI patients admitted to two French ICUs (2008-2013) were analyzed. ICU survivors contacted \textgreater6 months post-ICU discharge were assessed for HRQOL, psychological and PTSD status. RESULTS: Sixty-five patients (47 %) survived to ICU discharge. On the basis of multivariable logistic regression analyses, the ENCOURAGE score was constructed with seven pre-ECMO parameters: age \textgreater60, female sex, body mass index \textgreater25 kg/m(2), Glasgow coma score \textless6, creatinine \textgreater150 μmol/L, lactate (\textless2, 2-8, or \textgreater8 mmol/L), and prothrombin activity \textless50 %. Six months after ECMO, probabilities of survival were 80, 58, 25, 20, and 7 % for ENCOURAGE score classes 0-12, 13-18, 19-22, 23-27, and ≥28, respectively. The ENCOURAGE score ROC AUC [0.84 (95 % CI 0.77-0.91)] was significantly better than those of the SAVE, SAPS II, and SOFA scores. Survivors' HRQOL evaluated after median follow-up of 32 months revealed satisfactory mental health but persistent physical and emotional-related difficulties, with 34 % (95 % CI 20-49 %) anxiety, 20 % (95 % CI 8-32 %) depression, and 5 % (95 % CI 0-12 %) PTSD symptoms reported. CONCLUSIONS: The ENCOURAGE score might be a useful tool to predict mortality of severe cardiogenic shock AMI patients who received VA-ECMO. However, it now needs prospective validation on other populations of AMI patients