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Journal articles
Liposomal amphotericin B in travelers with cutaneous and muco-cutaneous leishmaniasis: Not a panacea
Abstract : BACKGROUND:
Complex cutaneous and muco-cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL and MCL) often requires systemic therapy. Liposomal amphotericin B (L-AmB) has a strong potential for a solid clinical benefit in this indication.
METHODS:
We conducted a retrospective analysis of data from a French centralized referral treatment program and from the "LeishMan" European consortium database. All patients with parasitologically proven CL or MCL who received at least one dose of L-AmB were included. Positive outcome was based on ulcer closure as per recent WHO workshop guidelines.
RESULTS:
From 2008 through 2016, 43 travelers returning from 18 countries (Old World n = 28; New World n = 15) were analyzed with a median follow-up duration of 79 days [range 28-803]. Main clinical forms were: localized CL with one or multiple lesions (n = 32; 74%) and MCL (n = 8; 19%). As per published criteria 19 of 41 patients (46%) were cured 90 days after one course of L-AmB. When the following items -improvement before day 90 but no subsequent follow-up, delayed healing (>3 months) and healing after a second course of L-AmB- were included in the definition of cure, 27 of 43 patients (63%) had a positive outcome. Five patients (MCL = 1; CL = 4) experienced a relapse after a median duration of 6 months [range 3-27] post treatment and 53% of patients (23/43) experienced at least one adverse event including severe hypokalaemia and acute cardiac failure (one patient each). In multivariate analysis, tegumentary infection with L. infantum was associated with complete healing after L-AmB therapy (OR 5.8 IC 95% [1.03-32]) while infection with other species had no impact on outcome.
CONCLUSION:
In conditions close to current medical practice, the therapeutic window of L-AmB was narrow in travellers with CL or MCL, with the possible exception of those infected with L. infantum. Strict follow-up is warranted when using L-AmB in patients with mild disease.
Cited literature [34 references]
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01688584
Contributor : Xavier Chard-Hutchinson <>
Submitted on : Friday, February 2, 2018 - 10:13:27 AM
Last modification on : Wednesday, August 19, 2020 - 11:17:38 AM
Long-term archiving on: : Thursday, May 3, 2018 - 8:59:21 AM
Contributor : Xavier Chard-Hutchinson <>
Submitted on : Friday, February 2, 2018 - 10:13:27 AM
Last modification on : Wednesday, August 19, 2020 - 11:17:38 AM
Long-term archiving on: : Thursday, May 3, 2018 - 8:59:21 AM
File
journal.pntd.0006094.pdf
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Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License