S. Bellentani, The epidemiology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, Liver International, vol.37, pp.81-84, 2017.

P. Dietrich and C. Hellerbrand, Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, obesity and the metabolic syndrome, Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology, vol.28, issue.4, pp.637-653, 2014.

T. I. Tamimi, H. M. Elgouhari, and N. Alkhouri, An apoptosis panel for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis diagnosis, Journal of Hepatology, vol.54, issue.6, pp.1224-1229, 2011.

K. Begriche, J. Massart, M. Robin, F. Bonnet, and B. Fromenty, Mitochondrial adaptations and dysfunctions in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, Hepatology, vol.58, issue.4, pp.1497-1507, 2013.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00814080

R. Xu, A. Tao, S. Zhang, Y. Deng, and G. Chen, Association between patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 3 gene (PNPLA3) polymorphisms and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a HuGE review and meta-analysis, Scientific Reports, vol.5, issue.1, p.9284, 2015.

C. Duval, F. Teixeira-clerc, and A. F. Leblanc, Chronic exposure to low doses of dioxin promotes liver fibrosis development in the C57BL/6J diet-induced obesity mouse model, Environmental Health Perspectives, vol.125, issue.3, pp.428-436, 2017.

C. L. Hart, D. S. Morrison, G. D. Batty, R. J. Mitchell, and G. D. Smith, Effect of body mass index and alcohol consumption on liver disease: analysis of data from two prospective cohort studies, BMJ, vol.340, p.1240, 2010.

C. E. Foulds, L. S. Treviño, B. York, and C. L. Walker, Endocrine-disrupting chemicals and fatty liver disease, Nature Reviews Endocrinology, vol.13, issue.8, pp.445-457, 2017.

J. Massart, K. Begriche, C. Moreau, and B. Fromenty, Role of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease as risk factor for druginduced hepatotoxicity, Journal of Clinical and Translational Research, vol.3, pp.212-232, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01580159

N. Kazerouni, R. Sinha, C. H. Hsu, A. Greenberg, and N. Rothman, Analysis of 200 food items for benzo[a]pyrene and estimation of its intake in an epidemiologic study, Food and Chemical Toxicology, vol.39, issue.5, pp.423-436, 2001.

A. T. Vu, K. M. Taylor, M. R. Holman, Y. S. Ding, B. Hearn et al., Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the mainstream smoke of popular U.S. cigarettes, Chemical Research in Toxicology, vol.28, issue.8, pp.1616-1626, 2015.

K. Hardonnière, L. Huc, O. Sergent, J. A. Holme, and D. Lagadic-gossmann, Environmental carcinogenesis and pH homeostasis: not only a matter of dysregulated metabolism, Seminars in Cancer Biology, vol.43, pp.49-65, 2017.

Á. C. Roman, J. M. Carvajal-gonzalez, J. M. Merino, S. Mulero-navarro, and P. M. Fernández-salguero, The aryl hydrocarbon receptor in the crossroad of signalling networks with therapeutic value, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, vol.185, pp.50-63, 2018.

S. Bucher, A. Tête, and N. Podechard, Co-exposure to benzo[a]pyrene and ethanol induces a pathological progression of liver steatosis in vitro and in vivo, Scientific Reports, vol.8, issue.1, p.5963, 2018.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01771620

N. E. Sunny, F. Bril, and K. Cusi, Mitochondrial adaptation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: novel mechanisms and treatment strategies, Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism, vol.28, issue.4, pp.250-260, 2017.

J. Chung, J. Y. Kim, and W. R. Kim, Abundance of aryl hydrocarbon receptor potentiates benzo[a]pyreneinduced apoptosis in Hepa1c1c7 cells via CYP1A1 activation, Toxicology, vol.235, issue.1-2, pp.62-72, 2007.

Y. Shimizu, Y. Nakatsuru, and M. Ichinose, Benzo[a]pyrene carcinogenicity is lost in mice lacking the aryl hydrocarbon receptor, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol.97, pp.779-782, 2000.

A. Michaut, D. L. Guillou, and C. Moreau, A cellular model to study drug-induced liver injury in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: application to acetaminophen, Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, vol.292, pp.40-55, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01255826

P. Greenspan, E. P. Mayer, and S. D. Fowler, Nile red: a selective fluorescent stain for intracellular lipid droplets, The Journal of Cell Biology, vol.100, issue.3, pp.965-973, 1985.

S. Anthérieu, A. Rogue, B. Fromenty, A. Guillouzo, and M. Robin, Induction of vesicular steatosis by amiodarone and tetracycline is associated with up-regulation of lipogenic genes in HepaRG cells, Hepatology, vol.53, issue.6, pp.1895-1905, 2011.

C. F. Labuschagne and A. B. Brenkman, Current methods in quantifying ROS and oxidative damage in Caenorhabditis elegans and other model organism of aging, Ageing Research Reviews, vol.12, issue.4, pp.918-930, 2013.

A. Wojtala, M. Bonora, D. Malinska, P. Pinton, J. Duszynski et al., Methods to monitor ROS production by fluorescence microscopy and fluorometry, Methods in Enzymology, vol.542, pp.243-262, 2014.

M. L. Bajt, T. R. Knight, J. J. Lemasters, and H. Jaeschke, Acetaminophen-induced oxidant stress and cell injury in cultured mouse hepatocytes: protection by N-acetyl cysteine, Toxicological Sciences, vol.80, issue.2, pp.343-349, 2004.

M. R. Mcgill, H. Yan, A. Ramachandran, G. J. Murray, D. E. Rollins et al., HepaRG cells: a human model to study mechanisms of acetaminophen hepatotoxicity, Hepatology, vol.53, issue.3, pp.974-982, 2011.

F. A. Ran, P. D. Hsu, J. Wright, V. Agarwala, D. A. Scott et al., Genome engineering using the CRISPRCas 9 system, Nature Protocols, vol.8, issue.11, pp.2281-2308, 2013.

S. Bucher, P. Jalili, and D. L. Guillou, Bisphenol a induces steatosis in HepaRG cells using a model of perinatal exposure, Environmental Toxicology, vol.32, issue.3, pp.1024-1036, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01470709

N. Quesnot, S. Valenca, M. Robin, and P. Loyer, Phase II metabolism of the chlorzoxazone: identification of O-and N-glucuronides produced by distinct UDPglucuronosyltransferases in human hepatocytes, Toxicology Letters, vol.258, p.95, 2016.

T. Shimada, H. Yamazaki, M. Foroozesh, N. E. Hopkins, W. L. Alworth et al., Selectivity of polycyclic inhibitors for human cytochrome P450s 1A1, 1A2, and 1B1, Chemical Research in Toxicology, vol.11, issue.9, pp.1048-1056, 1998.

M. D. Burke, S. Thompson, C. R. Elcombe, J. Halpert, T. Haaparanta et al., Ethoxy-, pentoxy-and benzyloxyphenoxazones and homologues: a series of substrates to distinguish between different induced cytochromes P-450, Biochemical Pharmacology, vol.34, issue.18, pp.3337-3345, 1985.

L. M. Pawella, M. Hashani, and E. Eiteneuer, Perilipin discerns chronic from acute hepatocellular steatosis, Journal of Hepatology, vol.60, issue.3, pp.633-642, 2014.

X. Xu, J. Park, J. So, K. Y. Hur, and A. Lee, Transcriptional regulation of apolipoprotein A-IV by the transcription factor CREBH, Journal of Lipid Research, vol.55, issue.5, pp.850-859, 2014.

A. Michaut, C. Moreau, M. Robin, and B. Fromenty, Acetaminophen-induced liver injury in obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, Liver International, vol.34, issue.7, pp.171-179, 2014.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01128195

Y. Lu and A. I. Cederbaum, CYP2E1 and oxidative liver injury by alcohol, Free Radical Biology & Medicine, vol.44, issue.5, pp.723-738, 2008.

E. Schon and B. Fromenty, Alterations of mitochondrial DNA in liver diseases, Mitochondria in Liver, pp.283-314, 2015.

L. Zhang, C. Chen, and P. T. Kang, Peroxynitritemediated oxidative modifications of complex II: relevance in myocardial infarction, Biochemistry, vol.49, issue.11, pp.2529-2539, 2010.

A. L. Sverdlov, A. Elezaby, and J. B. Behring, High fat, high sucrose diet causes cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction due in part to oxidative post-translational modification of mitochondrial complex II, Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, vol.78, pp.165-173, 2015.

I. García-ruiz, C. Rodríguez-juan, T. Díaz-sanjuán, M. A. Martínez, T. Muñoz-yagüe et al., Effects of rosiglitazone on the liver histology and mitochondrial function in ob/ob mice, Hepatology, vol.46, issue.2, pp.414-423, 2007.

P. Iozzo, M. Bucci, and A. Roivainen, Fatty acid metabolism in the liver, measured by positron emission tomography, is increased in obese individuals, Gastroenterology, vol.139, issue.3, pp.846-856, 2010.

M. Rakhshandehroo, B. Knoch, M. Müller, and S. Kersten, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha target genes, PPAR Research, vol.2010, 2010.

C. Wang, C. X. Xu, S. L. Krager, K. M. Bottum, D. F. Liao et al., Aryl hydrocarbon receptor deficiency enhances insulin sensitivity and reduces PPAR-? pathway activity in mice, Environmental Health Perspectives, vol.119, issue.12, pp.1739-1744, 2011.

Y. Kawano, S. Nishiumi, and S. Tanaka, Activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor induces hepatic steatosis via the upregulation of fatty acid transport, Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, vol.504, issue.2, pp.221-227, 2010.

Z. Shaban, S. El-shazly, and S. Abdelhady, Down regulation of hepatic PPAR? function by AhR ligand, The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, vol.66, issue.11, pp.1377-1386, 2004.

A. Collin, K. Hardonnière, and M. Chevanne, Cooperative interaction of benzo[a]pyrene and ethanol on plasma membrane remodeling is responsible for enhanced oxidative stress and cell death in primary rat hepatocytes, Free Radical Biology & Medicine, vol.72, pp.11-22, 2014.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01018147

G. Paradies, V. Paradies, F. M. Ruggiero, and G. Petrosillo, Oxidative stress, cardiolipin and mitochondrial dysfunction in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, World Journal of Gastroenterology, vol.20, issue.39, pp.14205-14218, 2014.

E. C. Henry, J. C. Bemis, O. Henry, A. S. Kende, and T. A. Gasiewicz, A potential endogenous ligand for the aryl hydrocarbon receptor has potent agonist, p.17

, Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity in vivo, Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, vol.450, issue.1, pp.67-77, 2006.

M. K. Rasmussen, M. Daujat-chavanieu, and S. Gerbalchaloin, Activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor decreases rifampicin-induced CYP3A4 expression in primary human hepatocytes and HepaRG, Toxicology Letters, vol.277, pp.1-8, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01837154

H. J. Hwang, P. Dornbos, M. Steidemann, T. K. Dunivin, M. Rizzo et al., Mitochondrial-targeted aryl hydrocarbon receptor and the impact of 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin on cellular respiration and the mitochondrial proteome, Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, vol.304, pp.121-132, 2016.

S. M. Bailey, E. C. Pietsch, and C. C. Cunningham, Ethanol stimulates the production of reactive oxygen species at mitochondrial complexes I and III, Free Radical Biology & Medicine, vol.27, issue.7-8, pp.891-900, 1999.

G. Serviddio, F. Bellanti, and A. M. Giudetti, Mitochondrial oxidative stress and respiratory chain dysfunction account for liver toxicity during amiodarone but not dronedarone administration, Free Radical Biology & Medicine, vol.51, issue.12, pp.2234-2242, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.09.004

J. St-pierre, J. A. Buckingham, S. J. Roebuck, and M. D. Brand, Topology of superoxide production from different sites in the mitochondrial electron transport chain, The Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.277, issue.47, pp.44784-44790, 2002.

M. Mota, B. A. Banini, S. C. Cazanave, and A. J. Sanyal, Molecular mechanisms of lipotoxicity and glucotoxicity in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, Metabolism, vol.65, issue.8, pp.1049-1061, 2016.

A. M. Gusdon, K. Song, and S. Qu, Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: pathogenesis and therapeutics from a mitochondria-centric perspective, Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, vol.2014, 2014.

S. Satapati, B. Kucejova, and J. A. Duarte, Mitochondrial metabolism mediates oxidative stress and inflammation in fatty liver, The Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol.125, issue.12, pp.4447-4462, 2015.
DOI : 10.1172/jci86695

URL : http://www.jci.org/articles/view/86695/files/pdf

I. García-ruiz, C. Rodríguez-juan, and T. Díaz-sanjuan, Uric acid and anti-TNF antibody improve mitochondrial dysfunction in ob/ob mice, Hepatology, vol.44, issue.3, pp.581-591, 2006.

C. Mitchell, M. Robin, and A. Mayeuf, Protection against hepatocyte mitochondrial dysfunction delays fibrosis progression in mice, The American Journal of Pathology, vol.175, issue.5, pp.1929-1937, 2009.
DOI : 10.2353/ajpath.2009.090332

URL : http://europepmc.org/articles/pmc2774057?pdf=render

M. Pérez-carreras, P. Del-hoyo, and M. A. Martín, Defective hepatic mitochondrial respiratory chain in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, Hepatology, vol.38, issue.4, pp.999-1007, 2003.

D. Pessayre and B. Fromenty, NASH: a mitochondrial disease, Journal of Hepatology, vol.42, issue.6, pp.928-940, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jhep.2005.03.004

S. Bansal, A. N. Leu, and F. J. Gonzalez, Mitochondrial targeting of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1B1 and its role in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, The Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.289, issue.14, pp.9936-9951, 2014.

J. Backer and I. Weinstein, Mitochondrial DNA is a major cellular target for a dihydrodiol-epoxide derivative of benzo, Science, vol.209, issue.4453, pp.297-299, 1980.

R. Balansky, A. Izzotti, L. Scatolini, F. D'agostini, and S. De-flora, Induction by carcinogens and chemoprevention by N-acetylcysteine of adducts to mitochondrial DNA in rat organs, Cancer Research, vol.56, issue.7, pp.1642-1647, 1996.

C. Demeilliers, C. Maisonneuve, and A. Grodet, Impaired adaptive resynthesis and prolonged depletion of hepatic mitochondrial DNA after repeated alcohol binges in mice, Gastroenterology, vol.123, issue.4, pp.1278-1290, 2002.

K. Hardonnière, E. Saunier, and A. Lemarié, The environmental carcinogen benzo[a]pyrene induces a Warburg-like metabolic reprogramming dependent on NHE1 and associated with cell survival, Scientific Reports, vol.6, issue.1, p.30776, 2016.

D. M. Tappenden, S. G. Lynn, and R. B. Crawford, The aryl hydrocarbon receptor interacts with ATP5?1, a subunit of the ATP synthase complex, and modulates mitochondrial function, Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, vol.254, issue.3, pp.299-310, 2011.

O. Westman, M. Larsson, N. Venizelos, H. Hollert, and M. Engwall, An oxygenated metabolite of benzo[a]pyrene increases hepatic ?-oxidation of fatty acids in chick embryos, Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, vol.21, issue.9, pp.6243-6251, 2014.

B. Fromenty and D. Pessayre, Inhibition of mitochondrial beta-oxidation as a mechanism of hepatotoxicity, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, vol.67, issue.1, pp.101-154, 1995.

F. Nassir and J. A. Ibdah, Role of mitochondria in alcoholic liver disease, World Journal of Gastroenterology, vol.20, issue.9, pp.2136-2142, 2014.

J. Aubert, K. Begriche, L. Knockaert, M. A. Robin, and B. Fromenty, Increased expression of cytochrome P450 2E1 in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: mechanisms and pathophysiological role, Clinics and Research in Hepatology and Gastroenterology, vol.35, issue.10, pp.630-637, 2011.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00739365

M. G. Emery, J. M. Fisher, and J. Y. Chien, CYP2E1 activity before and after weight loss in morbidly obese subjects with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, Hepatology, vol.38, issue.2, pp.428-435, 2003.

A. Van-rongen, P. A. Välitalo, and M. Y. Peeters, Morbidly obese patients exhibit increased CYP2E1-mediated oxidation of acetaminophen, Clinical Pharmacokinetics, vol.55, issue.7, pp.833-847, 2016.

, Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity