Cytosine hydroxymethylation by TET enzymes: From the control of gene expression to the regulation of DNA repair mechanisms, and back

Audrey Lejart 1 Gilles Salbert 1 Sébastien Huet 1
1 IGDR - Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes
Abstract : Chromatin is a complex multi-scale structure composed of DNA wrapped around nucleosomes. The compaction state is finely regulated mainly by epigenetic marks present not only on nucleosomes but also on the DNA itself. The most studied DNA post-transcriptional modification is 5-methylcytosine (5-mC). Methylation of the cytosine at CpG islands localized at the promoter is associated with repression of transcription. On the contrary, enrichment of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC), one of the oxidation products of 5-mC by TET (ten-eleven translocation) enzymes, on promoters and enhancers promotes transcription activation. Recently, a new role of 5-hmC has been proposed in the context of DNA repair. 5-hmC was found to be enriched at DNA lesions and knockdown of TET led to impaired repair efficiency. Here, we review our current knowledge regarding the role of the regulation of the 5-mC/5-hmC balance by TET enzymes in the context of transcription modulation as well as DNA repair processes. In a final section, we speculate on the potential involvement of TET proteins in DNA repair mechanisms associated with transcription activation. © 2018 the Author(s), licensee AIMS Press.
Keywords : Ten eleven translocation Transcription DNA repair 5-hydroxymethylcytosine Chromatin
Document type :
Journal articles
Complete list of metadatas

Cited literature [77 references]  Display  Hide  Download
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01993674
Contributor : Xavier Chard-Hutchinson <>
Submitted on : Thursday, July 18, 2019 - 10:09:42 AM
Last modification on : Thursday, July 18, 2019 - 10:26:11 AM

File

Lejart-2018-Cytosine hydroxyme...
Publisher files allowed on an open archive

Licence

Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

Identifiers

Collections

UNIV-RENNES1 | UR1-UFR-SVE | BIOSIT | IGDR | UNIV-RENNES

Citation

Audrey Lejart, Gilles Salbert, Sébastien Huet. Cytosine hydroxymethylation by TET enzymes: From the control of gene expression to the regulation of DNA repair mechanisms, and back. AIMS Biophysics, AIMS Press, 2018, 5 (3), pp.182-193. ⟨10.3934/biophy.2018.3.182⟩. ⟨hal-01993674⟩

Export

BibTeX TEI DC DCterms EndNote

Share

Metrics

Record views

23

Files downloads

44