D. J. Andorsky, A. Yacoub, J. M. Melear, M. Coleman, K. Kolibaba et al., Phase IIIb randomized study of lenalidomide plus rituximab (R2) followed by maintenance in relapsed/refractory NHL: analysis of patients with double-refractory or early relapsed follicular lymphoma (FL), Journal of Clinical Oncology, vol.35, p.7502, 2017.

D. J. Andorsky, M. Coleman, A. Yacoub, J. M. Melear, H. D. Brooks et al., Response rate to lenalidomide plus rituximab (R2) as independent of number of prior lines of therapy: interim analysis of initial phase of MAGNIFY phase IIIb study of R2 followed by maintenance in relapsed/refractory indolent NHL, Journal of Clinical Oncology, vol.36, pp.715-716, 2018.

P. P. Chamberlain, A. Lopez-girona, K. Miller, G. Carmel, B. Pagarigan et al., Structure of the human Cereblon-DDB1-lenalidomide complex reveals basis for responsiveness to thalidomide analogs, Nature Structural & Molecular Biology, vol.21, pp.803-809, 2014.

M. Coleman, D. J. Andorsky, A. Yacoub, J. M. Melear, K. Kolibaba et al., Phase IIIB study of lenalidomide plus rituximab followed by maintenance in relapsed or refractory NHL: analysis of marginal zone lymphoma, Hematological Oncology, vol.35, 2017.

F. Da-roit, P. J. Engelberts, R. P. Taylor, E. C. Breij, G. Gritti et al., Ibrutinib interferes with the cell-mediated antitumor activities of therapeutic CD20 antibodies: implications for combination therapy, Haematologica, vol.100, pp.77-86, 2015.

, Lenalidomide Plus Rituximab Restores Immune Function in FL ª 2019 The Authors, British Journal of Haematology, vol.185, pp.240-253, 2019.

S. S. Dave, G. Wright, B. Tan, A. Rosenwald, R. D. Gascoyne et al., Prediction of survival in follicular lymphoma based on molecular features of tumor-infiltrating immune cells, New England Journal of Medicine, vol.351, pp.2159-2169, 2004.

D. Decaudin, G. Des-guetz, C. Mathiot, J. Dumont, P. Hubert et al., Absolute lymphocyte count as a predictive factor for response to monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody therapy, Annals of Oncology, vol.14, pp.171-172, 2003.

I. W. Flinn, R. Van-der-jagt, B. S. Kahl, P. Wood, T. E. Hawkins et al., Randomized trial of bendamustine-rituximab or R-CHOP/R-CVP in first-line treatment of indolent NHL or MCL: the BRIGHT study, Blood, vol.123, pp.2944-2952, 2014.

N. H. Fowler, R. E. Davis, S. Rawal, L. Nastoupil, F. B. Hagemeister et al., Safety and activity of lenalidomide and rituximab in untreated indolent lymphoma: an open-label, phase 2 trial, The Lancet. Oncology, vol.15, pp.1311-1318, 2014.

A. Freedman, Follicular lymphoma: 2018 update on diagnosis and management, American Journal of Hematology, vol.93, pp.296-305, 2018.

A. K. Gandhi, J. Kang, C. G. Havens, T. Conklin, Y. Ning et al., Immunomodulatory agents lenalidomide and pomalidomide co-stimulate T cells by inducing degradation of T cell repressors Ikaros and Aiolos via modulation of the E3 ubiquitin ligase complex CRL4(CRBN.), British Journal of Haematology, vol.164, pp.811-821, 2014.

G. Munoz, R. Izquierdo-gil, A. Munoz, A. Roldan-galiacho, V. Rabasa et al., Lymphocyte recovery is impaired in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and indolent non-Hodgkin lymphomas treated with bendamustine plus rituximab, Annals of Hematology, vol.93, pp.1879-1887, 2014.

P. Gravelle, C. Do, C. Franchet, S. Mueller, L. Oberic et al., Impaired functional responses in follicular lymphoma CD8+TIM-3+ T lymphocytes following TCR engagement. Oncoimmunology, 5, p.1224044, 2016.

P. R. Hagner, H. W. Man, C. Fontanillo, M. Wang, S. Couto et al., CC-122, a pleiotropic pathway modifier, mimics an interferon response and has antitumor activity in DLBCL, Blood, vol.126, pp.779-789, 2015.

P. R. Hagner, H. Chiu, M. Ortiz, B. Apollonio, M. Wang et al., Activity of lenalidomide in mantle cell lymphoma can be explained by NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity, British Journal of Haematology, vol.179, pp.399-409, 2017.

K. Ito, M. Okamoto, Y. Inaguma, A. Okamoto, M. Ando et al., Influence of R-CHOP therapy on immune system restoration in patients with Bcell lymphoma, Oncology, vol.91, pp.302-310, 2016.

M. Jerkeman, S. Ek, C. Freiburghaus, and A. A. Lindblad, Ibrutinib in combination with anti-CD20-antibody negatively affects antibody dependent cellular cytotoxic (ADCC) on mantle cell lymphoma cell lines, not reversed by the addition of lenalidomide, Blood, vol.130, p.1266, 2017.

K. Lagrue, A. Carisey, D. J. Morgan, R. Chopra, and D. M. Davis, Lenalidomide augments actin remodeling and lowers NK-cell activation thresholds, Blood, vol.126, pp.50-60, 2015.

J. P. Leonard, S. H. Jung, J. Johnson, B. N. Pitcher, N. L. Bartlett et al., Randomized trial of lenalidomide alone versus lenalidomide plus rituximab in patients with recurrent follicular lymphoma: CALGB 50401 (Alliance), Journal of Clinical Oncology, vol.33, pp.3635-3640, 2015.

A. Lopez-girona, D. Mendy, T. Ito, K. Miller, A. K. Gandhi et al., Cereblon is a direct protein target for immunomodulatory and antiproliferative activities of lenalidomide and pomalidomide, Leukemia, vol.26, pp.2326-2335, 2012.

S. Luminari, M. Goldaniga, M. Cesaretti, L. Orsucci, A. Tucci et al., A phase II study of bendamustine in combination with rituximab as initial treatment for patients with indolent non-follicular non-Hodgkin lymphoma, Leukaemia & Lymphoma, vol.57, pp.880-887, 2016.

P. Martin, Z. Chen, B. D. Cheson, K. S. Robinson, M. Williams et al., Long-term outcomes, secondary malignancies and stem cell collection following bendamustine in patients with previously treated non-Hodgkin lymphoma, British Journal of Haematology, vol.178, pp.250-256, 2017.

P. Martin, S. H. Jung, B. Pitcher, N. L. Bartlett, K. A. Blum et al., A phase II trial of lenalidomide plus rituximab in previously untreated follicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL): CALGB 50803 (Alliance), Annals of Oncology, vol.28, pp.2806-2812, 2017.

C. Menard, J. Dulong, T. T. Nguyen, N. Bescher, M. Latour et al., Lenalidomide treatment restores in vivo T cell activity in relapsed/refractory FL and DLBCL, New England Journal of Medicine, vol.130, pp.934-947, 2017.

A. J. Olszewski, J. L. Reagan, and J. J. Castillo, Late infections and secondary malignancies after bendamustine/rituximab or RCHOP/RCVP chemotherapy for B-cell lymphomas, American Journal of Hematology, vol.93, pp.1-3, 2018.

A. Pastore, V. Jurinovic, R. Kridel, E. Hoster, A. M. Staiger et al., Integration of gene mutations in risk prognostication for patients receiving first-line immunochemotherapy for follicular lymphoma: a retrospective analysis of a prospective clinical trial and validation in a population-based registry, The Lancet. Oncology, vol.16, pp.1111-1122, 2015.

A. M. Perry, J. Diebold, B. N. Nathwani, K. A. Maclennan, H. K. Muller-hermelink et al., Non-Hodgkin lymphoma in the developing world: review of 4539 cases from the International Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Classification Project, Haematologica, vol.101, pp.1244-1250, 2016.

A. Plonquet, C. Haioun, J. P. Jais, A. L. Debard, G. Salles et al., Oncology, vol.18, pp.1209-1215, 2007.

A. G. Ramsay, A. J. Johnson, A. M. Lee, G. Gorgun, R. Le-dieu et al., Chronic lymphocytic leukemia T cells show impaired immunological synapse formation that can be reversed with an immunomodulating drug, The Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol.118, pp.2427-2437, 2008.

A. G. Ramsay, A. J. Clear, G. Kelly, R. Fatah, J. Matthews et al., Follicular lymphoma cells induce T-cell immunologic synapse dysfunction that can be repaired with lenalidomide: implications for the tumor microenvironment and immunotherapy, Blood, vol.114, pp.4713-4720, 2009.

A. Rivas-delgado, L. Magnano, M. Moreno-velazquez, O. Garcia, P. Mozas et al., Progression-free survival shortens after each relapse in patients with follicular lymphoma treated in the rituximab era, Hematological Oncology, vol.35, pp.360-361, 2017.

M. J. Rummel, N. Niederle, G. Maschmeyer, G. A. Banat, U. Von-grunhagen et al., Bendamustine plus rituximab versus CHOP plus rituximab as first-line treatment for patients with indolent and mantle-cell lymphomas: an open-label, multicentre, randomised, Lancet, vol.381, pp.1203-1210, 2013.

S. Sacchi, R. Marcheselli, A. Bari, G. Buda, A. L. Molinari et al., Safety and efficacy of lenalidomide in combination with rituximab in recurrent indolent non-follicular lymphoma: final results of a phase II study conducted by the, Fondazione Italiana Linfomi. Haematologica, vol.101, pp.196-199, 2016.

H. Saito, D. Maruyama, A. M. Maeshima, S. Makita, H. Kitahara et al., Prolonged lymphocytopenia after bendamustine therapy in patients with relapsed or refractory indolent B-cell and mantle cell lymphoma, Blood Cancer Journal, vol.5, p.362, 2015.

G. A. Salles, J. F. Seymour, P. Feugier, F. Offner, A. Lopez-guillermo et al., Long term followup of the PRIMA Study: half of patients receiving rituximab maintenance, p.486, 2017.

C. Sarkozy, B. K. Link, H. Ghesquieres, M. Maurer, E. Nicolas-virelizier et al., Cause of death in follicular lymphoma in the rituximab era: a pooled analysis of French and US cohorts, Hematological Oncology, vol.35, pp.34-35, 2017.

D. Shafer, M. R. Smith, H. Borghaei, M. M. Millenson, T. Li et al., Low NK cell counts in peripheral blood are associated with inferior overall survival in patients with follicular lymphoma, Leukemia Research, vol.37, pp.1213-1215, 2013.

L. R. Teras, C. E. Desantis, J. R. Cerhan, L. M. Morton, A. Jemal et al., US lymphoid malignancy statistics by World Health Organization subtypes, CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, vol.66, pp.443-459, 2016.

J. M. Tuscano, M. Dutia, K. Chee, A. Brunson, C. Reed-pease et al., Lenalidomide plus rituximab can produce durable clinical responses in patients with relapsed or refractory, indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma, British Journal of Haematology, vol.165, pp.375-381, 2014.

D. N. Vo, C. Alexia, N. Allende-vega, F. Morschhauser, R. Houot et al., NK cell activation and recovery of NK cell subsets in lymphoma patients after obinutuzumab and lenalidomide treatment, Oncoimmunology, vol.7, p.1409322, 2018.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01780378

O. Weigert and D. M. Weinstock, The promises and challenges of using gene mutations for patient stratification in follicular lymphoma, Blood, vol.130, pp.1491-1498, 2017.

L. Wu, M. Adams, T. Carter, R. Chen, G. Muller et al., lenalidomide enhances natural killer cell and monocyte-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity of rituximab-treated CD20+ tumor cells, Clinical Cancer Research, vol.14, pp.4650-4657, 2008.

Z. Z. Yang and S. M. Ansell, The tumor microenvironment in follicular lymphoma, Clinical Advances in Hematology & Oncology: H&O, vol.10, pp.810-818, 2012.

L. Zhang, Z. Qian, Z. Cai, L. Sun, H. Wang et al., Synergistic antitumor effects of lenalidomide and rituximab on mantle cell lymphoma in vitro and in vivo, American Journal of Hematology, vol.84, pp.553-559, 2009.

, Lenalidomide Plus Rituximab Restores Immune Function in FL ª 2019 The Authors, British Journal of Haematology, vol.185, pp.240-253, 2019.