Incidence and Clearance of Anal Human Papillomavirus (HPV)-16 and HPV-18 Infection, and Their Determinants, Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Men Who Have Sex With Men in France

Catharina J Alberts (1) , Isabelle Heard (2, 3) , Ana Canestri (4) , Lucie Marchand (5) , Jean-François Fléjou (6, 7) , Lionel Piroth (8, 9) , Tristan Ferry (10) , Jean-Michel Didelot (11, 12) , Laurent Siproudhis (13, 14, 15) , Sebastien Henno (13) , Isabelle Poizot-Martin (16) , Teresa M Darragh (17) , Gary M Clifford (1) , Jean-Damien Combes (1) , Isabelle Etienney (18)

1 CIRC - IARC - Centre International de Recherche contre le Cancer - International Agency for Research on Cancer
2 CHU Tenon [AP-HP]
3 CNR-HPV - Centre National de Référence pour les Papillomavirus Humains - Génétique, Papillomavirus et Cancer Humain
4 Service de Maladies infectieuses et tropicales [CHU Tenon]
5 ANRS France Recherche Nord & sud Sida-hiv hépatites
6 Service d'anatomie et cytologie pathologiques [CHU Saint-Antoine]
7 SU FM - Sorbonne Université - Faculté de Médecine
8 CHU Dijon
9 CIC-P803 - Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1432 (Dijon) - Module Plurithématique : Périnatalité Cancérologie Handicap et Ophtalmologie
10 Centre Albert Trillat [Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse - HCL]
11 Service d'Hépatogastroentérologie
12 UM - Université de Montpellier
13 CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]
14 NuMeCan - Nutrition, Métabolismes et Cancer
15 CIC - Centre d'Investigation Clinique [Rennes]
16 SESSTIM - U1252 INSERM - Aix Marseille Univ - UMR 259 IRD - Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale
17 UC San Francisco - University of California [San Francisco]
18 Groupe Hospitalier Diaconesses Croix Saint-Simon

Background - Prospective data on the natural history of anal human papillomavirus (HPV) infection are scarce in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected men who have sex with men (MSM). Methods - We analyzed incidence and clearance of HPV-16 and HPV-18 in a French cohort of HIV-infected MSM, aged ≥35 years, followed-up annually (n = 438, 2014-2018). Results - Human papillomavirus-16 and HPV-18 incidence were similar (~10% incident infections at 24 months). Human papillomavirus-16 incidence was higher among high-grade versus no lesion at baseline (adjusted incidence rate ratio = 3.0; 95% confidence interval, 1.07-8.18). Human papillomavirus-16 cleared significantly slower than HPV-18 (32% versus 54% by 24 months). Conclusions - In conclusion, anal HPV-16 is more persistent than HPV-18, and its incidence correlates with a prior detection of high-grade lesions.

Keywords: anal HPV infection; clearance; France; human immunodeficiency virus; incidence; men who have sex with men

Domains: Life Sciences [q-bio]

Catharina J Alberts, Isabelle Heard, Ana Canestri, Lucie Marchand, Jean-François Fléjou, et al.. Incidence and Clearance of Anal Human Papillomavirus (HPV)-16 and HPV-18 Infection, and Their Determinants, Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Men Who Have Sex With Men in France. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2020, 221 (9), pp.1488-1493. ⟨10.1093/infdis/jiz623⟩. ⟨hal-02394262⟩