Effect of nano-bioglass on bone exposed to gamma radiation: experimental study on a Wistar rat model
Résumé
The damage to normal bone tissue following therapeutic irradiation increases the risk of fracture and bone osteoporosis. Bioactive glasses have been synthesized with improved properties exhibiting promising prospects to restore bone defects and to reduce bone alterations. This study aims in evaluating the performance therapy of nano-bioglass (NBG). In vivo, after rat Co-60 y-radiation, the tissue wound healing process was studied by grafting NBG material in rat femoral condyle tissue. An improved mechanical property was noticed (31.11 +/- 5.0 HV) when compared with that of BG-implanted group (24.16 +/- 4.9 HV). On the other hand, a rise in Ca and P ion concentrations in the implanted microenvironment was shown to lead to the formation/deposition of Ca-P phases. Trace elements, such as Mg and Zn, were detected in the newly formed bone and involved in bone healing. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidases (GTT) in groups implanted with NBG show no significant variation for all time of implantation. Serum creatinine maintains their normal levels in the implanted groups in different time of implantation. The histomorphometric parameters of bone tissue showed amelioration in NBG-treated rats. Moreover, no hepatocyte or renal necrosis was noticed. Additionally, no remarkable change in the tissue morphology was shown. Our findings suggested that NBG might have promising potential applications for wound healing.