Global urban environmental change drives adaptation in white clover

James Santangelo (1) , Rob Ness (1) , Beata Cohan (1) , Connor Fitzpatrick (2) , Simon Innes (3) , Sophie Koch , Lindsay Miles , Samreen Munim , Pedro Peres-Neto , Cindy Prashad , Alex Tong , Windsor Aguirre , Philips Akinwole , Marina Alberti , Jackie Álvarez , Jill Anderson , Joseph Anderson , Yoshino Ando , Nigel Andrew , Fabio Angeoletto , Daniel Anstett , Julia Anstett , Felipe Aoki-Gonçalves , A. Arietta , Mary Arroyo , Emily Austen , Fernanda Baena-Díaz , Cory Barker , Howard Baylis , Julia Beliz , Alfonso Benitez-Mora , David Bickford , Gabriela Biedebach , Gwylim Blackburn , Mannfred Boehm , Stephen Bonser , Dries Bonte , Jesse Bragger , Cristina Branquinho , Kristien Brans , Jorge Bresciano , Peta Brom , Anna Bucharova , Briana Burt , James Cahill , Katelyn Campbell , Elizabeth Carlen , Diego Carmona , Maria Clara Castellanos , Giada Centenaro , Izan Chalen , Jaime Chaves , Mariana Chávez-Pesqueira , Xiao-Yong Chen , Angela Chilton , Kristina Chomiak , Diego Cisneros-Heredia , Ibrahim Cisse , Aimée Classen , Mattheau Comerford , Camila Cordoba Fradinger , Hannah Corney , Andrew Crawford , Kerri Crawford , Maxime Dahirel (4) , Santiago David , Robert de Haan , Nicholas Deacon , Clare Dean , Ek Del-Val , Eleftherios Deligiannis , Derek Denney , Margarete Dettlaff , Michelle Dileo , Yuan-Yuan Ding , Moisés Domínguez-López , Davide Dominoni , Savannah Draud , Karen Dyson , Jacintha Ellers , Carlos Espinosa , Liliana Essi , Mohsen Falahati-Anbaran , Jéssica Falcão , Hayden Fargo , Mark Fellowes , Raina Fitzpatrick , Leah Flaherty , Pádraic Flood , María Flores , Juan Fornoni , Amy Foster , Christopher Frost , Tracy Fuentes , Justin Fulkerson , Edeline Gagnon , Frauke Garbsch , Colin Garroway , Aleeza Gerstein , Mischa Giasson , E. Binney Girdler , Spyros Gkelis , William Godsoe , Anneke Golemiec , Mireille Golemiec , César González-Lagos , Amanda Gorton , Kiyoko Gotanda , Gustaf Granath , Stephan Greiner , Joanna Griffiths , Filipa Grilo , Pedro Gundel , Benjamin Hamilton , Joyce Hardin , Tianhua He , Stephen Heard , André Henriques , Melissa Hernández-Poveda , Molly Hetherington-Rauth , Sarah Hill , Dieter Hochuli , Kathryn Hodgins , Glen Hood , Gareth Hopkins , Katherine Hovanes , Ava Howard , Sierra Hubbard , Carlos Ibarra-Cerdeña , Carlos Iñiguez-Armijos , Paola Jara-Arancio , Benjamin Jarrett , Manon Jeannot , Vania Jiménez-Lobato , Mae Johnson , Oscar Johnson , Philip Johnson , Reagan Johnson , Matthew Josephson , Meen Chel Jung , Michael Just , Aapo Kahilainen , Otto Kailing , Eunice Kariñho-Betancourt , Regina Karousou , Lauren Kirn , Anna Kirschbaum , Anna-Liisa Laine , Jalene Lamontagne , Christian Lampei , Carlos Lara , Erica Larson , Adrián Lázaro-Lobo , Jennifer Le , Deleon Leandro , Christopher Lee , Yunting Lei , Carolina León , Manuel Lequerica Tamara , Danica Levesque , Wan-Jin Liao , Megan Ljubotina , Hannah Locke , Martin Lockett , Tiffany Longo , Jeremy Lundholm , Thomas Macgillavry , Christopher Mackin , Alex Mahmoud , Isaac Manju , Janine Mariën , D. Nayeli Martínez , Marina Martínez-Bartolomé , Emily Meineke , Wendy Mendoza-Arroyo , Thomas Merritt , Lila Elizabeth L. Merritt , Giuditta Migiani , Emily Minor , Nora Mitchell , Mitra Mohammadi Bazargani , Angela Moles , Julia Monk , Christopher Moore , Paula Morales-Morales , Brook Moyers , Miriam Muñoz-Rojas , Jason Munshi-South , Shannon Murphy , Maureen Murúa , Melisa Neila , Ourania Nikolaidis , Iva Njunjić , Peter Nosko , Juan Núñez-Farfán , Takayuki Ohgushi , Kenneth Olsen , Øystein Opedal , Cristina Ornelas , Amy Parachnowitsch , Aaron Paratore , Angela Parody-Merino , Juraj Paule , Octávio Paulo , João Carlos Pena , Vera Pfeiffer , Pedro Pinho , Anthony Piot , Ilga Porth , Nicholas Poulos , Adriana Puentes , Jiao Qu , Estela Quintero-Vallejo , Steve Raciti , Joost Raeymaekers , Krista Raveala , Diana Rennison , Milton Ribeiro , Jonathan Richardson , Gonzalo Rivas-Torres , Benjamin Rivera , Adam Roddy , Erika Rodriguez-Muñoz , José Raúl Román , Laura Rossi , Jennifer Rowntree , Travis Ryan , Santiago Salinas , Nathan Sanders , Luis Santiago-Rosario , Amy Savage , J.F. Scheepens , Menno Schilthuizen , Adam Schneider , Tiffany Scholier , Jared Scott , Summer Shaheed , Richard Shefferson , Caralee Shepard , Jacqui Shykoff (5) , Georgianna Silveira , Alexis Smith , Lizet Solis-Gabriel , Antonella Soro , Katie Spellman , Kaitlin Stack Whitney , Indra Starke-Ottich , Jörg Stephan , Jessica Stephens , Justyna Szulc , Marta Szulkin , Ayco Tack , Ítalo Tamburrino , Tayler Tate , Emmanuel Tergemina , Panagiotis Theodorou , Ken Thompson , Caragh Threlfall , Robin Tinghitella , Lilibeth Toledo-Chelala , Xin Tong , Léa Uroy (6) , Shunsuke Utsumi , Martijn Vandegehuchte , Acer Vanwallendael , Paula Vidal , Susana Wadgymar , Ai-Ying Wang , Nian Wang , Montana Warbrick , Kenneth Whitney , Miriam Wiesmeier , J. Tristian Wiles , Jianqiang Wu , Zoe Xirocostas , Zhaogui Yan (7) , Jiahe Yao (8) , Jeremy Yoder (9) , Owen Yoshida (10) , Jingxiong Zhang (11) , Zhigang Zhao (8) , Carly Ziter (12) , Matthew Zuellig (13) , Rebecca Zufall (14) , Juan Zurita (15) , Sharon Zytynska (16, 17) , Marc Johnson (1)

1 University of Toronto at Mississauga
2 UNC - University of North Carolina [Chapel Hill]
3 University of Louisiana
4 ECOBIO - Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes]
5 ESE - Ecologie Systématique et Evolution
6 UMR BAGAP - Biodiversité agroécologie et aménagement du paysage
7 HZAU - Huazhong Agricultural University [Wuhan]
8 Lanzhou University
9 CSUN - California State University [Northridge]
10 Saint Mary's University [Halifax]
11 KIB - Kunming Institute of Botany [CAS]
12 Concordia University [Montreal]
13 University of Bern
14 University of Houston
15 USFQ - Universidad San Francisco de Quito
16 TUM - Technische Universität München = Technical University of Munich
17 University of Liverpool

Urbanization transforms environments in ways that alter biological evolution. We examined whether urban environmental change drives parallel evolution by sampling 110,019 white clover plants from 6169 populations in 160 cities globally. Plants were assayed for a Mendelian antiherbivore defense that also affects tolerance to abiotic stressors. Urban-rural gradients were associated with the evolution of clines in defense in 47% of cities throughout the world. Variation in the strength of clines was explained by environmental changes in drought stress and vegetation cover that varied among cities. Sequencing 2074 genomes from 26 cities revealed that the evolution of urban-rural clines was best explained by adaptive evolution, but the degree of parallel adaptation varied among cities. Our results demonstrate that urbanization leads to adaptation at a global scale.

Domains: Environmental Sciences; Biodiversity and Ecology

James Santangelo, Rob Ness, Beata Cohan, Connor Fitzpatrick, Simon Innes, et al.. Global urban environmental change drives adaptation in white clover. Science, 2022, 375 (6586), pp.1275-1281. ⟨10.1126/science.abk0989⟩. ⟨hal-03656967⟩