Ecology, demography, and population genetics of barbary macaques in Algeria
Résumé
Over a 9-year period from 1982 to 1990 ecological and demographic data were collected on two genetic isolates of Barbary macaques (Macaca sylvanus) in Algeria, from the deciduous oak-forest of Akfadou and from the evergreen cedar-oak forest of the National Park Djurdjura. Macaques at Djurdjura profit from more suitable ecological conditions and have a higher rate of population increase as well as a higher male migration rate than those at Akfadou. Genetic data, gained from 23 genetic markers (blood proteins), proved to be highly influenced by the demographic structure of the groups. The macaque populations of Akfadou and Djurdjura have become genetically differentiated. Group fission, coupled with founder effect (genetic drift) and kin-structured (matrilineal) separation, resulted in a priori genetic diversity between one newly-established group and its parent group.